Ancient egyptian epithets interesting, fun facts, biography Dec 11, 2019 · Ancient Egypt: the Mythology is *the* most comprehensive site on ancient Egyptian mythology on the web. Because of the developments in the Egyptian language over the 3,000 years that Set was worshipped, by the Greek period, the 't' in Seth was pronounced so indistinguishably from th that the Greeks spelled it as (Seth). Oct 16, 2025 · The ancient Egyptian pantheon draws intrigue with well over 1,500 deities, but none more important than Amun, the creator god who was not only revered in Egypt but reached much further afield. The town of Oxyrhynchus in Egypt in ruins But first, let me tell you a bit about the papyri found in Oxyrhynchus, an ancient Egyptian city about ten Dec 11, 2019 · Ancient Egypt: the Mythology is *the* most comprehensive site on ancient Egyptian mythology on the web. The tradition of multiple names developed over time In this article you can learn about the names of the ancient Egyptians and learn more about how to read the ancient hieroglyphic language. In more elaborate New Kingdom examples Horus is wearing the double crown and is accompanied by the sun and a uraeus. The almost infinite number of epithets applied to Egyptian deities attests to the complex and diverse nature of Egyptian gods. Oct 14, 2020 · Here is everything you need to know about the goddess Mut - the ancient Egyptian goddess whose name translates into "mother". The question is this: Egypt’s divine monarchy adopted similar (if not the same) stellar epithets to that of its more prominent gods and yet our text books dictate that the god kings of ancient Egypt were uniquely human, why is this? Wouldn’t it make more sense to adopt the same cosmological criteria for both Pharaoh and god? In The royal titulary or royal protocol is the standard naming convention taken by the pharaohs of ancient Egypt. Also featured are articles about egyptian culture and history. AUFRÈRE, the lapis lazuli divine epithets are divided into two categories: 1. As a result, Bast was seen as a protective goddess. This monumental two-volume work updates Murray's Index of Old Kingdom Titles published in 1908. Even during the conquest of Egypt by the Greeks during the Hellenistic period, the goddess’ presence was Nov 4, 2024 · Discover the profound role of names in Egyptian tomb texts, shaping identity and legacy. Mar 30, 2020 · This article contains comprehensive information regarding the myths and facts about Nephthys, the Egyptian goddess of the sky, family, death, and protection. Additionally, those gods played vital roles in the day-to-day lives of ancient Egyptians. Jones, Dilwyn Modern research of titles and epithets used in Ancient Egypt has made considerable advances since th University of Michigan Press Sep 16, 2021 · Here is everything you need to know about Egyptian god Bes, the protector and entertainer deity in ancient Egyptian religion. Amun being the “Mysterious One” meant that he was sometimes a well-defined solar deity and on other times he simply stayed hidden like the wind. An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom Volume I (BAR International) - Softcover Jul 14, 2020 · These insightful myths explore the origin story and facts about Bastet, the Egyptian Goddess of cat, protection, and fertility. " How Nephthys (called Nebet-Het in ancient Egyptian) was associated primarily with death, night, and mourning. Some of the epithets given to her include: The Primeval Goddess Lady of the Holy Country Lady of the West The Distant Goddess (shared with Sekhmet and Bastet) The Foremost One in the Barque of Millions Lady of Stars Lady of the Southern Sycamore Hathor of the Sycamore Hathor of the Sycamore in All Her Places Hand of God Hathor Thoth was a historical Egyptian god, knowledge, writing, magic, judgment, stability, and the lifeless. Aug 30, 2020 · Explore the meaning, origin story, worship, and significance of Shu in ancient Egyptian religion. She is often associated with the goddesses Hathor and Bastet. Oct 27, 2025 · Ancient Egyptian religion, indigenous beliefs of ancient Egypt from predynastic times (4th millennium BCE) to its decline in the first centuries CE. Sobek (Coptic: Ⲥⲟⲩⲕ, romanized: Souk), also known as Suchus (Ancient Greek: Σοῦχος, romanized: Soûchos), was an ancient Egyptian deity with a complex history and nature. Jun 16, 2020 · This concept is depicted in Egyptian art as a humanoid figure with both the head of Horus and the head of Set, which I regard as the Egyptian precursor to the Tao. E. A member of the Great Ennead of Heliopolis in Egyptian mythology, she was a daughter of Nut and Geb. For those who might like to look it up, it is in Oxyrhynchus Papyrus XI. By Dilwyn Jones. Vorliegender Index erschließt die nicht-ersten Titelbestandteile der in Dilwyn Jones: An index of ancient Egyptian titles, epithets and phrases of the Old Kingdom. This deity is also known as the lord of time. Divine epithets related to female divinities or queens. It finds its origins in the Pre-Dynastic Period, a period during which the Ancient Egyptian society as well as the role of the King gradually started taking shape. Nov 15, 2023 · An index of ancient Egyptian titles, epithets and phrases of the Old Kingdom by Dilwyn Jones, 2000, Archaeopress edition, in English And so on and so forth with numerous other Egyptian deities. The divine sculptor who shaped humanity out of mud and clay, his words were said to have inspired Amun to create the universe. Trying to understand the changing roles of gods such as Re, Osiris and Amun are difficult if not impossible with the limited text available to us today. C. Titles are honourifics or adjectives that denote a characteristic to indicate the importance or position in the kingdom and usually placed before the cartouche. Hathor Rising: The Power of the Goddess in Ancient Egypt. Jan 1, 2000 · This monumental two-volume work updates Murray's Index of Old Kingdom Titles published in 1908. Falcon cults, which were in evidence from late predynastic times, were widespread in Egypt. According to S. This article deals with the interpretation of an ideographically written epithet of Anubis and its possible phonetic transliteration and reading. They highlight his deep significance in the region’s religion and culture. 138-150. Royal Names and Titles The king in ancient Egypt had an elaborate titulary made up of his names, titles and epithets. Khonsu, god of Egypt Discover the legends and myths and religious beliefs surrounding Khonsu, the Egyptian lunar god of fertility. This […] An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom. A completely updated and revised edition of Murray's Index of 1908 including an analysis of all new material published to date 🔍 Modern research of titles and epithets used in Ancient Egypt has made considerable advances since the publication of first listings by Murray. As the daughter of the sun god Ra, Sekhmet, “The Lady of Feb 18, 2012 · What I have for you today is a list of yet more names and epithets of Isis. com. There were over 2,000 deities in the Egyptian pantheon, many whose names are well known Mar 30, 2020 · This article contains comprehensive information regarding the myths and facts about Nephthys, the Egyptian goddess of the sky, family, death, and protection. Egyptian Funerary Deities Osiris Osiris (wsir) was a central figure in the funerary cults of the ancient Egyptians, his name is written in an idiosyncratic manner and cannot easily be broken down sign by sign. Jun 27, 2022 · By virtue of the enigmatic visual flair, the ancient Egyptian god was represented as a jackal-headed entity associated with the rites of embalming the deceased and the related afterlife. In ancient Greek religion, she was known as Ailuros (αἴλουρος “cat”). An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Part 2 Oct 21, 2020 · Other very important epithets of the ancient Egyptian god Khonsu include: “Embracer”, “He who traverses”, “the Decider of the Life Span” and “Pathfinder”. Jul 8, 2020 · Ancient Egyptians held the belief that the universe was abound with many gods. In hymns and ritual scenes Jul 21, 2024 · Hathor’s Underworld Epithets: “Mistress of the West,” “Lady of the Desert” Hathor’s transition into the underworld is further evident in the specific titles and epithets associated with her. His role in the Egyptian pantheon underscores the cultural significance of war and protection in the ancient Nile civilization. Divine epithets related to masculine divinities or kings; 2. Titles and epithets in Ancient Egypt The most common hieroglyphic titles and epithets of the pharaohs. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Nephthys was typically paired with her sister Isis in funerary rites [2] because of their role as protectors of the mummy, with her brother Osiris, and as the sister-wife of Set Demon Things: Ancient Egyptian Manifestations of Liminal Entities edited by Kasia Szpakowska. (1982), pp. She was primarily considered a temple deity and was most closely linked with temples dedicated to Seth or to Osiris and Isis. Jones, Dilwyn Modern research of titles and epithets used in Ancient Egypt has made considerable advances since th University of Michigan Press Mar 22, 2023 · God Horus Titles and Epithets Hathor had many titles and names. Sep 15, 2024 · In ancient Egyptian, there was a phrase that expressed the all-encompassing nature of Isis: Iset em Renus Nebu, “Isis in All Her Names. Revered as the goddess Books An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Part 2 Dilwyn Jones Archaeopress, 2000 - Egyptian language - 1045 pages Thoth, the Egyptian god of Time, was a significant figure for the ancient Egyptians. Aug 13, 2022 · Titles and Epithets of Bast The Egyptians had a variety of epithets and titles for Bast, including: Lady of the East Goddess of the Rising Sun Goddess of the Moon She of the Ointment Jar Sacred and All-Seeing Eye Lady of Dread Lady of Slaughter Her name also is rendered as B’sst, Baast, Ubaste, and Baset. This was not meant to diminish a woman’s role per se, it was simply because all royal titles emphasized the individual’s relationship to the powerful king. He is first mentioned in the Pyramid Texts and his worship continued until the Roman period. Also find out what powers and symbols were attributed to Shu. Sobek was also associated with pharaonic power, fertility, and military Feb 5, 2020 · The following contains the remarkable story of Osiris, the Egyptian god of the Underworld. In the case of lapis lazuli, these epithets reflect the different dimensions of its role in the ancient Egyptian thought. Even during the conquest of Egypt by the Greeks during the Hellenistic period, the goddess’ presence was An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Part 2 Oct 21, 2020 · Other very important epithets of the ancient Egyptian god Khonsu include: “Embracer”, “He who traverses”, “the Decider of the Life Span” and “Pathfinder”. This educational activity enhances understanding of religious terminology and cultural significance, offering insights into ancient Egyptian spirituality and historical context. This page lists her many cult titles. Aug 14, 2023 · Known by her epithet “Pourer”, ancient Egyptian goddess Satis was revered for being the consort Khnum, a famed deity in Upper Egypt. Epithets Egyptian texts abound with epithets of gods, kings and officials. Origin story and worship Anhur originated These epithets and titles show how Anubis, the ancient Egyptian dog god, was important. Mar 26, 2021 · Ancient Egyptians had many many epithets to describe Amun; this includes “Father of the gods”, “the Hidden One”, “Maker of men”, “Lord of truth”, and “the Invisible”. Other variants based on the fuller writings such as 'reverence', 'veneration'. Osiris (/ oʊˈsaɪrɪs /, from Egyptian wsjr) [a] was the god of fertility, agriculture, the afterlife, the dead, resurrection, life, and vegetation in ancient Egyptian religion. The Horus Name is the oldest part of the royal titulary. Nov 29, 2022 · An accurate, albeit unhelpful, rendering of his name in Ancient Egyptian is jnpw. Largely feared as the god of infertile lands and the deserts, the ancient Egyptians believed Seth was the bringer of famine, storms, diseases and pestilence. ” By later periods of Her worship—within Egypt as well as throughout the Mediterranean world—Isis was understood as an All-Goddess Who could be seen in many other Goddesses. Pinch, Geraldine. Reminiscent of Horus, he was depicted as a man with the head of a falcon. These titles highlighted their divine protection, military strength, and administrative responsibility. [22] Aug 14, 2023 · Anhur, also known as Onuris, is a war deity in ancient Egyptian mythology. Satis, an ancient Egyptian goddess, symbolized the Nile’s inundation and protected Egypt’s southern borders. He The ancient Egyptians placed great value on cats because they protected the crops and slowed the spread of disease by killing vermin. The Ancient History Encylopedia mentions "Lady of Dread" and "Lady of Slaughter," while the Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum lists a significantly less frightening assortment: "Lady of the East," "Goddess of the Rising Sun," "Goddess of the Moon," and "Sacred and All-Seeing Eye. ” Anubis had many epithets, including: The First of the Westerners [2] Lord of the Mummy Wrapping [3] Apr 14, 2016 · The gods and goddesses of Ancient Egypt were an integral part of the people's everyday lives for over 3,000 years. Those gods were what kept chaos from enveloping the entire world. She was a member of the Great Ennead of Heliopolis. According the ancient Egyptian mythology he was the son pf Amun and Mut and together the three gods were referred to as the Triad of Thebes. Sobek was a god of the Nile who brought fertility to the land Nephthys or Nebet-Het in ancient Egyptian (Ancient Greek: Νέφθυς) was a goddess in ancient Egyptian religion. Its deities included Anubis, Isis, Osiris, Re, and many others. Combined uraeus Combined uraeus In Ancient Egyptian texts, the " Two Ladies " (Ancient Egyptian: nbtj, sometimes anglicized Nebty) was a religious epithet for the goddesses Wadjet and Nekhbet, two deities who were patrons of the ancient Egyptians and worshiped by all after the unification of its two parts, Lower Egypt, and Upper Egypt. In… An Index Of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets And Phrases Of The Old Kingdom (bar S) [PDF] [7tkth0nsg1o0]. Revered as the goddess Books An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Part 2 Dilwyn Jones Archaeopress, 2000 - Egyptian language - 1045 pages Oct 25, 2025 · Anubis, ancient Egyptian god of funerary practices and care of the dead, represented by a jackal or the figure of a man with the head of a jackal. 1 and 2. Nut was the daughter of Shu and Tefnut. Some sects believed that Sobek was the creator of the world who arose from the "Dark Water" and created the order in the universe. In the ancient Egyptian religion, Ra was the powerful sun god and creator of the universe. Indeed there is still some dispute as to the exact reading. It may even encourage some to consider her in your future spiritual pursuits: Mythology of An index of ancient Egyptian titles, epithets and phrases of the Old Kingdom /Dilwyn Jones. He was one of the most important deities in the Egyptian pantheon, and was often depicted as a man with the head of a falcon and a sun disk on his head. Dec 18, 2019 · According to several myths from ancient Egypt, Seth (sometimes known as “Set” or “Seteh” or “Satet”) was the god of chaos, anger, deceit, destruction, and war. On his head he wore a crown or headdress Oct 25, 2025 · Anubis, ancient Egyptian god of funerary practices and care of the dead, represented by a jackal or the figure of a man with the head of a jackal. He was classically depicted as a green-skinned deity with a pharaoh's beard, partially mummy -wrapped at the legs, wearing a distinctive atef crown and holding a symbolic crook and flail. It explores the myth, symbols, death, and resurrection of Osiris. In addition to Old Kingdom titles and phrases, there are a large number from the Archaic Period and several from the First Intermediate Period. Mar 13, 2019 · The story of Egypt’s Queens is more complex than popular stereotypes would have us believe. Pp. Oct 16, 2025 · Although many people today refer to the wives of ancient Egyptian kings and female Egyptian pharaohs as queens, in ancient Egypt all the people surrounding the king (pharaoh) were referred to by their relationship to him/her. The protective and rescuing attributes of Anhur, especially in his “Savior” aspect, made him a revered figure in times of distress or conflict. In general, epithets outline a deity’s character, describe his/her physical appearance and attributes, and give information about the cult. It also hints that the goddess may have first been worshipped in the Lower Kingdom, in the northern part of Egypt near the Nile Delta. Nov 28, 2022 · What are the Names of Ra? Ra has many epithets in ancient Egyptian mythology and art. The list of epithets of Anubis occurs in the inner inscriptions of the ancient Egyptian coffin of Merneby in Bratislava. At the same time, the ancient Egyptians believed that she had numerous healing abilities. These epithets are primarily applied to the blessed “Egyptian deities carried epithets that give informationvabout their nature, forms of manifestation, and spheres of influence, as well as genealogical relations and connections with particular locations. The question is this: Egypt’s divine monarchy adopted similar (if not the same) stellar epithets to that of its more prominent gods and yet our text books dictate that the god kings of ancient Egypt were uniquely human, why is this? Wouldn’t it make more sense to adopt the same cosmological criteria for both Pharaoh and god? In An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom, Volumes I and II. They were written on the bottom of the coffin lid as well as the coffin trough. Deities represented natural forces and phenomena, and the Egyptians supported and appeased them through offerings and rituals so that these forces would continue to function according Jan 1, 2000 · An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom Volume I (BAR International) [Jones, Professor Dilwyn] on Amazon. Feb 5, 2020 · The following contains the remarkable story of Osiris, the Egyptian god of the Underworld. From that union, the lion-headed god Maahes was born. Now in spite of this popular modern visual motif, from the historical perspective, Anubis is one of the oldest deities among the numerous Egyptian gods. In addition to Old Kingd Feb 8, 2024 · Isis (Egyptian Auset) Here follows a “deep dive” into the Goddess Isis. This name is often used in modern texts as well when speaking of the (palace) facade. Read More: Discover the 12 Greatest Cities from Ancient Egypt Meaning and Epithets There a several variations of Ptah’s name, including Pteh and Peteh. Aug 10, 2020 · Read More: Ancient Egyptian Goddess Nut: Family Tree, Depictions, Symbols, & Powers Everything You Should Know About Isis, the ancient Egyptian goddess of Healing, Magic and Women Myth and Facts about Nephthys – the Egyptian goddess of Death and the Moon Maahes’ Symbols and Epithets Horus (/ hɔːrəs /), [c] also known as Heru, Har, Her, or Hor (/ hɔːr /) [d][6] Ϩⲱⲣ (Coptic), in Ancient Egyptian, is one of the most significant ancient Egyptian deities who served many functions, most notably as the god of kingship, healing, protection, the sun, and the sky. The earliest known examples of this title comprise of a falcon, generally taken to represent Horus perched upon a decorated rectangular panel, known as serekh, which Jan 23, 2023 · The Egyptians had a variety of epithets for Bastet. It features over 40 gods and goddesses, 30 symbols and complete myths. Sekhmet is also a solar deity, sometimes given the epithet "the eye of Ra ". In Ancient Egyptian mythology, Set (also spelled Seth, Sutekh or Seteh) is an ancient god, who was originally the god of the desert, Storms, Darkness, and Chaos. These volumes present completely updated lists, with the individual entries given in the most common orthography followed by a transliteration and a translation, the approximate date of the source and textual reference. Bast in Egyptian Religion In addition to her multifarious roles in Egyptian mythology, the feline deity was an ancient goddess, worshiped as early as 3000 B. And so on and so forth with numerous other Egyptian deities. Here are a couple of related epithets particularly common on stelae: oror imAxw or imAxy Venerable one. Isis is one of the most prominent Egyptian deities. Naturally, the Secret of the Two Partners works both ways, and “He of the Two Faces” can also be used as a name for Horus. The exact Yah, the Other Egyptian Moon God by Jimmy Dunn Many topics in ancient Egyptian religion can be fraught with complexities. It provides information about her mythology and worship, as well as correspondences and hymns/prayers that can be used in modern practice. To establish this divine connection, a set of epithets was introduced upon their ascension to the throne. Vols. Isis in literature Isis is the most important goddess in Egyptian mythology who transferred from a local goddess in the Nile Delta to a cosmic goddess all over the whole ancient world. Ancient Egyptian deities are the gods and goddesses worshipped in ancient Egypt. " This indicates that she may be a goddess who was integrated into the ancient Egyptian religion. However, the meaning of Ptah remains shrouded in mystery. Roberts In Egyptian mythology, Sekhmet (/ ˈsɛkˌmɛt / [1] or Sachmis / ˈsækmɪs /, from Ancient Egyptian: 𓌂𓐍𓐰𓏏𓁐, romanized: Saḫmat; [2][3] Coptic: Ⲥⲁⲭⲙⲓ, romanized: Sakhmi) is a warrior goddess as well as goddess of medicine. I hope this is both informative and useful for those who may not know much about Isis. Aug 28, 2019 · Egyptian Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Goddesses and Traditions of Ancient Egypt. Her multi-faceted nature was expressed in a vast array of epithets attesting to Her The almost infinite number of epithets applied to Egyptian deities attests to the complex and diverse nature of Egyptian gods. As the power of his cult grew, the myth was rewritten to make Thoth the creator god. Lord of the Red Lands Set as the Lord of Deserts. ). Read on to learn about the fascinating Queens of Ancient Egypt. [21] The center of her cult was in Per-Bast (Bubastis in Greek), which was named after her. On the top of the serekh is perched the falcon of Horus, hence the appellation "Horus-name". In regard to the specific role of Anubis in Dec 14, 2020 · From the Egyptian goddess of the night Nephthys to the cat goddess Bast, here are the 10 most famous Egyptian goddesses. The full titulary, consisting of five names, did not come into standard usage until the Middle Kingdom Jan 1, 2000 · An Index of Ancient Egyptian Titles, Epithets and Phrases of the Old Kingdom Volume II (BAR International) [Jones, Professor Dilwyn] on Amazon. Uncover their significance in ancient beliefs—read more now! Oct 9, 2024 · Uncover the might of Sekhmet Egyptian goddess and lioness deity of healing and warfare, learn her legends and significance today. Horus, Egyptian Hor, Har, Her, or Heru, in ancient Egyptian religion, a god in the form of a falcon whose right eye was the sun or morning star, representing power and quintessence, and whose left eye was the moon or evening star, representing healing. Learn why Egyptian pharaohs had five names, what each represented, and how they reinforced royal power, divine status, and the unity of ancient Egypt. According to some myths Ptah (/ tɑː / TAH; [2] Ancient Egyptian: ptḥ, reconstructed [piˈtaħ]; Ancient Greek: Φθά, romanized: Phthá; Coptic: ⲡⲧⲁϩ, romanized: Ptah; Phoenician: 𐤐𐤕𐤇, romanized: ptḥ) [3][4][note 1] is an ancient Egyptian deity, a creator god, [5] and a patron deity of craftsmen and architects. The name Isis is still a beloved name among modern coptic Egyptians, and in Europe the name (Isadora)i. There are from the Oxyrhynchus papyrus, which dates to the beginning of the 2nd century CE. "A Particular Depiction of Anubis from the Tomb of the Sculptor Nakhtamun (TT 335): Is Anubis a Demon?" Dec 15, 2009 · An index of Ancient Egyptian titles, epithets and phrases of the Old kingdom by Dilwyn Jones, 2000, Archaeopress edition, in French / français An index of ancient Egyptian titles, epithets and phrases of the Old Kingdom /Dilwyn Jones. With tombs dominating the archaeological record, it is especially known for its treatment of the dead. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. The clearly presented entries, arranged alphabetically, provide the most common orthnography with a transliteration and translation, with a date and textual Jun 5, 2022 · In ancient Egyptian, there was a phrase that expressed the all-encompassing nature of Isis: Iset em Renu Nebu, “Isis in All Names. Mar 9, 2025 · Origins of the Royal Titulary In ancient Egypt, pharaohs were seen as divine rulers, mediators between the gods and their subjects. Just as Isis is many-named, so is Nephthys. Oxford : Archaeopress, 2000, verzettelten Titel und Epitheta des Alten Reiches. " The Greeks had a special title for Bastet, too: "Soul of Isis. Thoth, the Egyptian god of the moon, writing, and judgment. One of the epithets of Sekhmet is "Sekhmet of the Libyans. An index of Ancient Egyptian titles, epithets and phrases of the Old kingdom by Dilwyn Jones, 2000, Archaeopress edition, in French / français The Ancient Egyptian name for this facade was serekh. Modern research of titles and epithets used in Ancient Egypt has made considerable advances since the publication of first listings by Murray. He was worshipped from at least the late prehistoric Egypt until the Ptolemaic Kingdom and Roman Egypt Athena was the ancient Greek goddess of the defense of towns and the crafts of weaving, pottery and sculpture. e. It symbolised worldly power and holy might, also acting as a sort of mission statement for the duration of a monarch's reign (although sometimes it even changed during the reign). Nov 12, 2023 · An epithet is almost like a title, except it comes after a name 𓂋𓈖 instead of before it! The epithet ““Upon His Hill” or “Upon His Mountain” will commonly follow the name 𓂋𓈖 of the god 𓊹 Anubis 𓇋𓈖𓊪𓅱𓃣 in inscriptions! Aug 8, 2020 · In some accounts, his wife was rather Bast (Bastet), the Egyptian goddess of domestic cats or lionesses. Nov 29, 2022 · Ptah was the Egyptian god of craftsmen and the arts, patron of artists and metalworkers. Nov 16, 2021 · Speaking of Epithets… If Nephthys’ name itself is an epithet, perhaps we can look to other Nephthian epithets that can give us information about Her nature as perceived by the ancient Egyptians. BAR International Series 866. Many Egyptian pharaohs even prayed to her for protection in both this life and the afterlife. Epithets immediately follow the deity’s name and can be made up of several distinct components. [3] He is associated with the Nile crocodile and is often represented as a crocodile-headed humanoid, if not as a crocodile outright. 1380. The beliefs and rituals surrounding these gods formed the core of ancient Egyptian religion, which emerged sometime in prehistory. However, there are none of these more difficult, or certainly more controversial than the Moon God, Yah. In today's spiritual circles, Thoth continues to command respect as a source of wisdom and knowledge. One of such important ancient Egyptian god was the goddess Nut – goddess of the sky and cosmos. Explore his diverse origins, attributes, depictions, and associations with major gods in this captivating journey through ancient Egyptian mythology. The fascinating and sometimes exotic character of ancient Egyptian religion finds its perfect symbolization in the feline goddess Bastet. Oct 1, 2025 · Explore the epithets of Osiris, a central figure in ancient Egyptian religion. [1] Some translations of jnpw have rendered Anubis’s Egyptian name as “Anpu” or “Inpu. Sobek (also known as Sebek, Sebek-Ra, Sobeq, Suchos, Sobki, and Soknopais) was the ancient god of crocodiles. xi + 1045 (both vols. . According to this variant, Thoth (in the form of an ibis, one of his In the ancient Egyptian religion, Ra was the powerful sun god and creator of the universe. In the triad of Memphis, he is the husband of Sekhmet and the father of Nefertem. Oxford: Archaeopress, 2000. Roberts, Alison. “Offerings to Hathor,” Folklore Vol. His wisdom, timeless as it is, has found its way into modern spiritual practice. 93, No. 2. At one point in the myth, Seth is believed to have killed his Modern research of titles and epithets used in Ancient Egypt has made considerable advances since the publication of first listings by Murray. He was popular throughout Egypt, but was particularly venerated in Khnum (Hermopolis Magna) where he was worshipped as part of the Ogdoad. “The Renewer of the Earth,” “The Wind in the Souls,” “The Sacred Ram in the West,” “The Exalted One,” and “The Sole One” all appear in hieroglyphic labels and texts. Atum (also known as Tem or Temu) was the first and most important Ancient Egyptian god to be worshiped in Iunu (Heliopolis, Lower Egypt), although in later times Ra rose in importance in the city, and eclipsed him to some extent. While she was not widely worshiped initially, she eventually rose to prominence and, along with Osiris (her brother and husband), became the most widely worshiped of the Egyptian gods. Her multi-faceted nature was expressed in a vast array of epithets attesting to Nov 15, 2022 · The Dog Who Swallows Millions: This rarely used epithet is a reference to his role as the god of death. nb imAx Possessor of veneration. Read this article and learn more about names and titles of the pharaoh in ancient Egypt. Together with Khnum and her issue Anuket, Satet formed part of the Elephantine Triad. Sekhmet's Powers and Attributes Feb 18, 2020 · With epithets such as “The One Before Whom Evil Trembles”, Egyptian warrior goddess Sekhmet was feared primarily because of her lust for bloodshed. Vermont: Inner Traditions International, 1997. While it sounds like an unusual title today, ancient Egyptians believed swallowing was a powerful metaphor for spiritual travel, and so this phrase was a way of showing how Anubis would guide millions of souls to the Afterlife. Mar 22, 2023 · God Horus Titles and Epithets Hathor had many titles and names. L110. From the Old Kingdom onwards, each king had five names, of which two of them did not appear frequently on monuments, and they are: 1) Hr nbw It is commonly translated as “golden Horus”. [5] He was one of the first Thoth (Tehuty, Djehuty, Tahuti, Tehuti, Zehuti, Techu, Tetu) was one of the earliest Egyptian gods. Gift of Isis is still common. “Mistress of the West” reflects her dominion over the land of the dead, located in the west according to ancient Egyptian beliefs.